Matthew 18:21-35: Forgiven People Forgive People

Jesus said to him, “I do not say to you up to seven times, but up to seventy times seven.”  Matthew 18:22

"God has forgiven me much, so I think it's my responsibility to forgive others."

Gracie Burnham on being asked if she forgave her kidnappers whose actions resulted in the death of her husband Martin.  The Burnhams were missionaries serving in the Philippines when they were kidnapped by Islamic terrorists in May of 2001.  A rescue attempt in June 2002 resulted in the death of Martin while Gracie was freed. 

“My brother’s burden which I must bear is…quite literally his sin.  And the only way to bear that sin is by forgiving it in the power of the cross of Christ in which I now share…Forgiveness is the Christ-like suffering which is the Christian’s duty to bear.” 

Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Cost of Discipleship

Jesus’ passionate message about taking care of His little ones continues (Matthew 18:6,10,14).  Peter, after listening to Jesus’ instruction on restoring a sinning brother (Matthew 18:15-20), asks: “How often shall my brother sin against me and I forgive him?  Up to seven times?” (v. 21)

It was rabbinic teaching of the day to extend forgiveness three times.  But not after four.  So Peter likely doubles the number and throws an additional measure of forgiveness.   Once again, Jesus explodes our expectations and answers Peter’s question with, “seventy times seven” (v.22).   And Jesus uses a parable (vv. 23-35) to explain his answer.

A slave begged forgiveness of a debt from a king he could not repay (v. 26).  The text lists the debt as 10,000 talents (v.24), an amount that could be over a billion dollars in today’s money.   The king assumes the debt and frees the slave.  That slave then finds a fellow slave who owes him a paltry few days wages and imprisons him when he cannot repay (v.30).  The king learns of what the forgiven slave did and immediately hands that slave over to the torturers (v.34).  

There is deep theology here that cannot be missed.   Sin is not just mere moral failure.   If that was the case, then human correction would be all that is needed for our forgiveness.  But sin is much, much more than mere moral failure.  Sin is rebellion against Almighty, All-holy God; sin is a God-centered action.    Sin cannot exist in the presence of absolute holiness without corrupting holiness.   Therefore an impenetrable barrier exists between Holy God and sinful man.   Yet God loves with an infinitely greater love known to man.    For Almighty God assumed our death penalty Himself on the cross; Jesus paid for our sin.   As the song says, “He paid a debt He did not owe; we owed a debt we could not pay.”  

This realization that the Lord God Himself has paid our sin penalty changes hearts and makes them soft.  The weight of our guilt, shame and sin has been lifted.   As the beautiful Christmas hymn proclaims, “God and sinners reconciled.”   The impenetrable barrier has now been breached through the cross of Jesus.   Man has been forgiven the greatest debt ever in the universe and now has the offer of fellowship with Almighty God!    What an awesome God we serve!  

Forgiveness is difficult; forgiveness is suffering, as Timothy Keller reminds us in his great book, The Reason for God in the chapter “The (True) Story of the Cross.”  When we forgive we forgo our opportunity to return affliction on our perpetrator.  We assume ourselves the debt of the transgression against us.  But this is exactly what the Lord God did for us on the cross.   And if we claim His forgiveness without forgiving others while remaining petty, grudge-holding people, then we do not fully understand the cross and we retain upon ourselves the death penalty for our sins (v. 34).  

Forgiveness can be a process and it may require a needed conscious choice to forgive over and over again (even more than 490 times if needed!).  Some of us are victims of unspeakable crimes and the passage of time provides little healing to those wounds.   In such cases, forgiveness can take years and require the help of professional counselors.  But what path are you on?  Are you on a path of forgiveness or on a path of a hardening heart? Those are the only two choices.  Pursue forgiveness with all you have just as the Lord has pursed us.  Be kind to one another, tender-hearted, forgiving each other, just as God in Christ also has forgiven you.  Ephesians 4:32

Matthew 18:11-20: Saving that which is lost

“If he finds [the lost sheep], he rejoices over it more than over the ninety-nine which have not gone astray.”
                   Jesus in Matthew 18:13

"In 1929 I gave in, and admitted that God was God, and knelt and prayed; perhaps, that night, the most dejected and reluctant convert in all England. I did not see then what is now the most shining and obvious thing: the divine humility which will accept a convert on even such terms."
                   C.S. Lewis from his autobiography, Surprised by Joy.


"Christ allows His money to be taken from Him, but never His sheep."
                     Pasquier Quesnel, French theologian who died in 1719

These verses are a continuation of the passionate message Jesus is giving on the value of His little ones and His desire that none wander.   It is reasonable to believe that as Jesus is speaking, He is in Peter’s house in Capernaum (Matthew 17:24).

This passage begins with a questionable verse with a beautiful message:  For the Son of Man has come to save that which was lost (v. 11).   The oldest and most reliable copies of Matthew’s gospel do not contain this verse.  But since it is nearly identical to Luke 19:10, we can be confident in the Scriptural truth of verse11 even though the verse itself may be in doubt as an original part of Matthew’s gospel.   However, this does not cast doubt on the reliability of either Matthew’s gospel or the New Testament.

There are over 5000 Greek manuscripts containing all or portions of the New Testament (Norman Geisler, Christian Apologetics, p. 307).  These manuscripts can be cross-referenced and double checked against each other so the New Testament we have is extremely reliable.  No other work of antiquity can even come close to this kind of manuscript authority.

Jesus says in v. 14: “It is the will of our Father who is in heaven that none of these little ones perish”.   And Jesus uses the parable of a shepherd who leaves his ninety-nine sheep to find the lost one as a way of illustrating the heart of His Father.  Imagine!  When other religions teach of a distant God and the extreme requirements needed to get His approval, our God comes in search of us!  And He searches for us not when we have been good or real religious but when we are a straying sheep wandering the mountain side!

And when our brother does sin, Jesus gives specific instructions for bringing that brother back (v.15-17).   First, approach him privately.   If he does not listen, then take two or three witnesses.  If this fails, then involve the local church body.  The goal is never to humiliate but always to restore.  We are to be the earthly expression of the Good Shepherd who lays down His life for His sheep (John 10:11).

Galatians 6:1-2 reminds us that we are to restore a sinning brother “with a spirit of gentleness, looking to yourself so that you too will not be tempted.  We are to bear one another’s burdens and thereby fulfill the law of Christ.”  It is easy to become smugly self-righteous or even passively indifferent in these circumstances.  By the same token, it is unacceptable to say that we are “too loving” to confront a sinning brother.   We are to have the same humility and broken heart that the Lord has for His little ones.  

The Lord has put a high value on bringing His lost sheep back into the fold.  It naturally follows that He has given into the hands of His church great resources to rescue His little ones from wandering.  The authority that was given to Peter in Matthew 17:19 is now given to His disciples and His church:  “Whatever you bind [and loose] on earth shall have been bound [and loosened] in heaven” (v. 18).

Jesus says, “if two of you agree on earth about anything that they may ask, it shall be done for them by My Father” (v. 19)  This verse is often used as a “blank check” to justify a kind of Christian magic in some circles.  That is not the point of this promise.    Jesus also promises to be in our “midst” as we act as His body to reclaim one of His lost little ones.  Jesus will never leave us nor forsake us (Matthew 28:20; Hebrews 13:15).

But it is often difficult to get directly involved with a wayward believer; it is easier to avoid these tough situations.   That is why the Lord is promising us that when two or more agree on a certain course of action in reclaiming a wandering brother, that He will be in their midst; they will not be alone in their efforts to bring back His stumbling ones.

His little ones may be the boisterous atheist, the prodigal, the stranger you pass every day, the Chinese field worker, the shop keeper in Turkey, or the bus driver in Buenos Aires.  Are we ready to venture out into the mountains in search of His lost ones?   As His hands, His feet, His body, we should be prepared to go to great lengths to be sure that not one of His little ones perish.  Whether it is a lost soul or a wandering child, the hounds of heaven will find that little one and the Lord will safely bring His own back into the fold.

Pray for that wandering brother, sister, child, spouse, neighbor or friend.  Pray for the Christ-less nation on the other side of the world.    Know that His heart desires reconciliation even more than we do.  Don’t be afraid to pour out your heart and shed tears on behalf of His little ones.  Your brokenness is a reflection of His brokenness.  What an awesome God we serve!        

Matthew 18:7-10: Don't Be a Stumbling Block

"Woe to the man through whom stumbling blocks come!" Jesus in Matthew 18:7

“I think organized religion is a crutch. Cause it's controlling. Organized religion tells you what to believe, tells you who to be...It's an abuse to tell a child that God sees everything and knows what you think about and that you are going to be burn in hell. It's a huge abuse to teach children that God is not within themselves...That God is bigger than them. That God is outside them. That is a lie. That's what causes the emptiness of children."
Sinead O’Connor, Spin Magazine, November 1991

After being asked by His disciples, “Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven?” (18:1), Jesus gives a passionate message stretching over all of chapter 18 about how His sheep should take care of one another. In fact, John MacArthur says in his commentary on this passage, “It is no exaggeration to say that this is the single greatest discourse our Lord ever gave on life among the redeemed people in His church. Sadly, because it has been largely misinterpreted, its profound riches often have been lost.”

In verse 7 Jesus says, “it is inevitable that stumbling blocks come. But woe to that man through whom the stumbling block comes!” Most moms can relate to carrying a load of laundry and tripping over a toy at her feet. Such an event at times can even be humorous. Yet transfer that scenario to a spiritual reality and it is no longer funny. In fact Jesus uses drowning and eternal fire as a way to emphasize just how serious stumbling blocks are.

Romans 14 teaches how to avoid being a stumbling block. We are free to eat and drink whatever we want but if that freedom causes one of His little ones to stumble, then we are no longer walking according to love (Romans 14:15). James also warns us against causing others to stumble because of the words we say (James 3:1-12). May we not destroy with our food (or drink or words) him for whom Christ died (Romans 14:15).

Simon the Tanner

If your hand or your foot [or eye] causes you to stumble, cut it off and throw it from you (v. 8). It is better to remove the offending appendage than to be cast into fiery hell. During a recent trip to Egypt we visited a monastery that was the home of Simon the Tanner who lived a little over one thousand years ago. There is a painting of his likeness with his right eye missing. He plucked it out, according to the tour guide, as a way of being obedient to this very passage. It is said that he was a pious man who took the Bible very seriously. Fortunately, neither his hand nor his foot ever caused him to stumble since in the painting he had all four still attached.

But why don’t we take this passage literally? Are we guilty of cherry-picking which verses we obey? Was Simon the Tanner and others like him in church history (i.e., Origen) more obedient Christians than us modern, more enlightened believers? I think there are several ways to answer that. First, if we did pluck out our eye when it caused us to sin, then the church would be, according to Bryant Wright our pastor in Atlanta, full of one-eyed sinners. The issue of sin is not a physical issue but a heart issue.

Second, Jesus taught often in hyperbole. In the previous chapter Jesus had used both a mustard seed and a mountain as figures of speech when teaching on faith (Matthew 17:20). We believe the words of Jesus are true but we also believe Jesus used hyperbole and other literary elements in His teaching. For example, no one believes that Jesus is a door (John 10:7) or a piece of bread (John 6:48).

But these verses about cutting off hands and feet are a part of Holy Scripture and therefore we must pursue their meaning. Jesus wants us to put supreme value on our relationship with Him as His children, His little ones. Our relationship with Jesus is so precious, so vital, so all-encompassing that we should remove ANY obstacle that keeps us from enjoying our identity as His adopted children. What are the idols in our lives that keep us from experiencing the all-satisfying relationship with the Lord? Let’s identify them, sever them and throw them out.

Those idols can take many forms for us who are 21st century Christ-followers. They may be materialistic pursuits where the American dream becomes a greater passion than Christ and His kingdom. It may be the belief that an elected official or a political party will meet needs that only God can meet. It may be earthly relationships that are more important to us than our relationship with our Heavenly Father. I have heard recently about a pastor who has told his congregation to delete their facebook accounts because the rekindling of old flames via facebook is destroying marriages within his church. “If facebook causes you to stumble…”

What about TV? What about the internet? What about food, sports or sex? Do we create boundaries in our lives to protect us from the sin which so easily entangles us? I have accountability software on our family computers because I know the lure of dark places all too well. For the same reason we have no incoming TV signal in our home. I don’t want to be responsible for stumbling blocks for either my family or myself.

Stephen Arteburn in his excellent book, Every Man’s Battle, says there are three “gates” that each man must guard in his attempts to not stumble sexually. We must guard our eye gate (what we see), our mind gate (what we think about), and our heart gate (where we place our affections).

Another teaching from this hyperbolic passage would be directed at those who cause His little ones to stumble. I fear for those atheists who smugly use quasi-intellectual reason to say God does not exist. Surely there are some who are weak in faith who have stumbled because of these hardened naturalists. It is one thing to deny God yourself, it is another to drag others down with you into fiery hell.

Jesus commands that we do not despise one of these little ones (v. 10). For He Himself makes intercession for us (Hebrews 7:25; Romans 8:34). And He has given us guardian angels that continually see the face of His Father who is in heaven (v. 10). The Lord is committed to protecting His little ones.

Christian, the greatest treasure we have is in Jesus Christ. Are you willing to forsake all treasures in order to obtain and enjoy your relationship with our Heavenly Father as His child? Whatever is between you and the Lord, cut it away and cast it for from you. Do this daily, hourly and even each minute; do it as often as you need to. Our forgiveness is complete in the cross; we are free to be His children. Nothing else lasts, nothing else compares, and nothing else can satisfy like our Lord Jesus.

Matthew 18:1-6 “Becoming Like Children”

“Whoever humbles himself as this child, he is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven.” Jesus in Matthew 18:3

"I am so weak that I can hardly write, I cannot read my Bible, I cannot even pray, I can only lie still in God's arms like a little child, and trust." The last words of Hudson Taylor, missionary to China in the 1800s.

While in Capernaum and likely at Peter’s house, Jesus asks His disciples, “What were you talking about on your way here?” (Mark 9:33) At first there is only silence as the disciples look at each other, like kids caught with their hands in the cookie jar. Finally one of them answers Jesus: “Who then is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven? (v.1)”

The disciples know there is something unique about Jesus, even though they cannot firmly grasp what it is. They know they are part of His inner circle, the political “cabinet” of this rising messiah who will return the kingdom to Israel. Or so they believe. They also know that Jesus is “showing favorites,” since only three of them accompanied Him to the Mount of Transfiguration. And they are all jealous of Peter who receives a lot of attention from Jesus.

The male ego is extremely fragile; it breaks easily and it constantly needs to be stroked. As a male, I understand why the disciples asked about who was the greatest; with my ego bruised, I too would have been wondering the same thing. And as usual, Jesus totally turns upside-down their expectations and breaks their paradigms.

Jesus sets before them a child, likely Peter’s child, and holds that child in His arms and says, “Truly I say to you, unless you are converted and become like children, you will not enter the kingdom of heaven. Whoever then humbles himself as this child, he is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven (vv.3-4).”

I just returned from the Middle-East where what is valued is strength, self-reliance and pride. Acquiescing to the socially low, or worse yet to a woman, is shameful, weak, and worthy of God’s anger. We heard the story of a wife who not only failed to birth a son for her husband but birthed a handicapped daughter instead. He divorced her on the spot and left her all alone to care for their handicapped daughter. Failure and shame are not to be tolerated.

Likewise, in Christian America we value achievement over child-like faith. We have our “celebrity Christians” and everyone wants to go to a church exploding in growth. Can one find a Christian book where praise for the author and a list of his achievements is not printed on the back cover? Everyone wants to be first; few want to be last.

Humans value self-reliance and strength, but Jesus teaches us to value child-like trust. The Moody Gospel Commentary on Matthew says that Jesus here contrasts “the attitude of self-sufficient with the attitude of childlike dependence.” Childlike innocence doesn’t boast or brag; a child rests and trusts. There is no place for status or boasting in the kingdom of God. Rather, we hope, we rejoice, and we rest in the Fatherhood of God.

This is in sharp contrast to how the world around us thinks. Even the religious world believes ironically that in order to get God’s approval we must prove we have no need of God. Each of us, myself included, must repent of our self-sufficiency and ask God for the faith to trust Him like a child.

Jesus also readily identifies Himself with children when He says, “whoever receives one such child in My name receives Me (v.5).” As we proclaim Him, we must not ignore those who are abused, hurting and hungry. We who have been blessed must not say, “Be warmed and be filled” as we turn them away empty. If we love the Master, we will love sacrificially those who are invisible, ignored or cursed by the self-reliant and self-seeking.

Judgment Day is coming. And on that Day, when He separates the sheep from the goats, he who has caused His little ones to stumble, it would be better for him to have a heavy millstone hung around his neck and drowned in the depth of the sea (v.6). But those who have a child-like trust will be ushered into the very throne room of God where at the very first glimpse of our Lord, they will cry out with great joy, worship and delight, “Abba! Father!”

Matthew 17:24-27; The temple, the fish and the tender heart of Jesus

“Then the sons are exempt. However, so that we do not offend them … take the first fish that comes up; and when you open its mouth, you will find a shekel. Take that and give it to them for you and Me.”

“We are reminded again of Jesus’ humility: He who so controls nature and its powers that He stills storms and multiples food now reminds Peter of that power by this miracle, while nevertheless remaining so humble that he would not needlessly cause offense.” (D.A. Carson’s commentary on Matthew)

With His sights set on Jerusalem (16:21), Jesus stops in Capernaum, on the north shore of the Sea of Galilee. This is where Peter lives and where Jesus frequents. Outside of what was probably Peter’s house, Peter is confronted by tax-collectors. (Is it mere coincidence that Matthew the tax-collector is the only one of the 4 gospel writers to include this story?)

These tax-collectors are not the dreaded collectors who work on behalf of the occupying Roman government. Rather, these Jewish tax-collectors are gathering the annual two-drachma tax, the equivalency of two days’ wages, as specified in Exodus 30:11-16. This is a “happy tax,” a tax that the Jews are glad to pay since it helps to maintain a national and religious treasure, their temple.

These tax-collectors, no friends of Rome, are not friendly toward Jesus either. They try to use Peter to trap Jesus, probably because they were afraid to confront Jesus directly. They ask Peter, “Does your teacher not pay the two-drachma tax?” (v. 24). If the answer is no, then the unbelieving Jews can accuse Jesus of breaking the Law of Moses. If the answer is yes, then that would discredit Jesus’ claim of divinity: why would God pay a tax? Peter’s answer was succinct: “Yes.” Even so, Jesus has the final word.

Jesus, omnisciently aware of what has happened, talks to Peter “first” (v.25) as Peter enters the house. Peter probably was shaken up after the confrontations outside his home. Jesus senses this and asks Peter, “from whom do the kings collect taxes, from their sons or from strangers?” Peter replies, “from strangers.” “Then the sons are exempt,” Jesus said (v.26), implying that Jesus and maybe even the disciples did not need to pay the tax.

What Jesus says next is where we see the tender heart of Jesus: “However, so that we do not offend them…” (v. 27) Jesus will pay the tax even though He is exempt. He is more concerned about not offending others than exerting His rights. At other times, Jesus did offend the Jews (e.g., Matthew 15:12) but He is also choosing His battles carefully. Fighting over the temple tax, for a building He loved (John 2:17), was not worthy of a fight. Jesus did not use His deity for His comfort or advantage. Instead, He used His freedom as a way to love and serve others (Galatians 5:13).

And instead of merely pulling out a shekel from His pocket and flipping it to Peter, Jesus chooses to take the long way and work a miracle. Why? When we are directly involved in what God is doing, our own faith is strengthened. Peter’s faith was probably weak at this moment from a series of rebukes (Matthew 16:23, 17:5, 17:17; 17:24). Therefore, Jesus was using this episode to nurture Peter’s faith. And Jesus employed the everyday elements of Peter’s life to strengthen Peter’s faith. The coin was not in a loaf of bread, or buried in a field, rather it was in a fish. Jesus uses a fish to strengthen the faith of a fisherman.

Likewise, when we are weak, when our faith has been tested and found wanting, the Lord will show us His sufficiency. He will call us to obey His Words at our moment of weakness so that we can find Him faithful. If your faith is weak, don’t recoil, don’t hide. Rather obey whatever it is He is calling you to do next. Cast your line in pursuit of the fish of faith. In the mouth of the fish you will find the shekel of HIs trustworthiness.

Even though this Jesus, who calls the stars by name (Isaiah 40:26), who created all things (Colossians 1:16), is infinitely big, He is also infinitely small. He cares about the details of your life and desires intimacy with you, even though you are one of 6 billion people on the planet today. Jesus beckons us: “Come to Me and I will give you rest.” (Matthew 11:28) After all, Jesus focuses on His love for Peter by providing enough money to pay the tax, not for the whole community, or even the 12 disciples, but in the words of Jesus, enough to pay the tax “for you and Me.”

Matthew 17:10-23; Jesus, doubt and disbelief

The disciples asked Jesus, “Why could we not drive [the demon] out?” And Jesus said to them, “Because of the littleness of your faith.”

“I see doubt as a confirmation that someone is a true believer. If we believed completely, if we didn't have any doubts, we would be incapable of loving God volitionally... If we got to the point where we knew everything about Him and we had no doubts at all, love wouldn't be love. It would be like looking out your window at the tree outside; you'd just take it for granted.” (Chuck Colson in an interview in Slate magazine, October 20, 2010)

Jesus has just come down off the mountain where He was revealed in His heavenly glory. As He is coming down, His disciples ask Him about Elijah (v. 10). Jesus responds by saying that due to people’s unbelief, Elijah, even though he came, was not recognized and he was killed. Therefore the Kingdom is delayed.

Next Jesus encounters an argument between His disciples and the Jewish scribes (Mark 9:14 in the parallel passage). A demon-possessed boy suffers nearby yet no one is able to help him. In clear frustration, Jesus says, “You unbelieving and perverted generation… how long shall I put up with you?” (v. 17) Even in the prediction of His death, burial and resurrection (vv.22-23), the disciples catch only part of the story and miss what He says about His rising from the dead. For, the Scripture says, they were deeply grieved (v. 23).

This passage is not about eschatology, demon possession, botany, plate tectonics or even prophecy. The one thread connecting these three episodes is faith… and the lack of faith. Faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen (Hebrews 11:1). Without faith, it is impossible to please God (Hebrews 11:6). The greatest possession we have, more precious than gold, is our faith in God (1 Peter 1:7). Faith is vitally important because faith is the medium through which God and man commune.

While every believer struggles with doubt, we shall not confuse doubt with disbelief. All believers can relate to the doubts of the father of the boy in this passage when he said to Jesus, “I do believe. Help my unbelief” (Mark 9:24). John the Baptist, while imprisoned and awaiting execution, has his doubts. He sends a message to Jesus asking if He is “the Expected One or shall we look for someone else?” (Matthew 11:3). Jesus never condemns those believers who doubt. In fact, Jesus heals the doubting man’s son (v.18) and Jesus praises unequivocally John the Baptist as the greatest born among women (Matthew 11:11).

On the other hand, disbelief is a poison that kills the life that God extends to us. Jesus refused to do miracles in Nazareth, (His home town!) because of their unbelief (Matthew 13:58). Jesus continually lashes out against the Pharisees and scribes for their hard hearts (e.g., Matthew 16:1-4; 23:1-36); He even rebukes His own disciples frequently for their hard hearts (e.g., Mark 8:17-21).

During our earthly sojourn, how do we as believers strengthen our faith? Just as an athlete must eat right and exercise right, so the believer must eat right and exercise right. First we must feast on God and His Word. Romans 10:17 teaches that faith comes from hearing and hearing the word of Christ. Jesus says in Matthew 4:4, “Man shall not live on bread alone but on every word that proceeds from the mouth of God.”

Second, we must exercise our faith. Bill Bright, founder of Campus Crusade for Christ, said repeatedly, “Faith is like a muscle. The more you exercise it, the bigger it gets. “ Scripture admonishes us to walk by faith and not by sight (2 Corinthians 5:7). To walk implies movement and action, not comfort and inactivity.

It is one thing to doubt; it is quite another to not believe. Doubt brings strength; disbelief brings death. We all wrestle with doubt. Hence we are called to encourage one another (Hebrews 3:13) while both the Spirit and the Lord Jesus intercede for us (Romans 8:26,34). May we all taste and see that the Lord is good! (Psalm 34:8)

Matthew 17:4-9: “Get up and do not be afraid”

Behold, a voice out of the cloud said, "This is My beloved Son, with whom I am well-pleased; listen to Him!" When the disciples heard this, they fell face down to the ground and were terrified. And Jesus came to them and touched them and said, "Get up, and do not be afraid." Matthew 17:5-7

“As I was walking in a dark thick grove, unspeakable glory seemed to open to…my soul. I stood still, wondered and admired!...My soul rejoiced with joy unspeakable to see such a God, such a glorious Divine Being…My soul was so captivated and delighted with the excellency, loveliness, greatness and other perfections of God, that I was swallowed up in Him…I had no thought about my own salvation and scarce reflected there was such a creature as I.” (David Brainerd, Life and Diary of David Brainerd, p. 67)

“Show me Your glory!” Moses’ prayer in Exodus 33:18

Jesus took his inner core of disciples, (Peter, James and John) up a mountain where He was transfigured into His heavenly “shekhinah” glory (Matthew 17:1-3). Also appearing with Jesus in a glorified state were Moses and Elijah. It is here that Peter begins to ramble. Yet a voice belonging to God the Father overrides Peter.

This voice thundered from heaven and proclaimed of Jesus, “This is My beloved Son with whom I am well-pleased! Listen to Him!” (Matthew 17:5). When Peter, James and John heard the blessing from God the Father, they fell face down to the ground and were terrified (Matthew 17:6).

There are two patterns here worth pointing out. First, the same response the disciples had to their encounter with God the Father is repeated throughout Scripture. Whenever mere mortal man receives a glimpse of shekhinah glory, there is from man neither challenge, anger nor attitude of casual happenstance. Rather, there is fear.

When John two generations later again encounters the glorified Jesus (Revelation 1:17), John says, “When I saw Him, I fell at His feet like a dead man.” When Isaiah was given a glimpse of the throne room of God, his response was “Woe is me, for I am ruined!” (Isaiah 6:5). The shepherds, while receiving the news of the birth of Jesus, had the glory of the Lord shine around them. Luke says then “they were terribly frightened” (Luke 2:9).

The second point is that when fleshly man recoils humbly in reverence at heavenly glory, the response is always one of comfort from the heavenly agent, even Christ Himself. When the disciples fell to the ground in fear, Jesus touched them and said, “Get up and do not be afraid” (Matthew 17:7). Imagine! The God of All Comfort extending both His hand and His words of grace to humans!

When John fell like a dead man at the feet of Jesus, the Lord responded with “do not be afraid” (Revelation 1:17). Isaiah was told by a ministering angel, “your sin is forgiven” (Isaiah 6:7). The shepherds were also told, “Do not be afraid” by the angel of the Lord (Luke 2:10).

The gulf between holy, righteous Almighty God and mortal, rebellious sinful man is infinite. Man is a fool if he thinks his own efforts can bridge that gap or that the gap is irrelevant. It took an infinitely holy, loving and powerful God to bridge that gap and to proclaim to man, “Do not fear.” Because of Christ’s sacrifice, we can draw near to God’s throne of grace and call out “Abba, Father!” Without Christ, there is only the terrifying expectation of judgment. Call on the Lord now, while it is still day; for He will then reach out His hand and say, “Do not be afraid.”


Matthew 16:28-17:3: Thy Kingdom Come

“Six days later Jesus took with Him Peter, James and John his brother and led them up on a high mountain by themselves. And He was transfigured before them; and His face shone like the sun, and His garments became as white as light.”

Christ, as he is God, is infinitely great and high above all. He is higher than the kings of the earth; for he is King of kings, and Lord of lords. He is higher than the heavens, and higher than the highest angels of heaven…He is so high, that he is infinitely above any need of us; above our reach, that we cannot be profitable to him; and above our conceptions, that we cannot comprehend him. Christ is sovereign Lord of all…His knowledge is without bound. His power is infinite, and none can resist Him. His riches are immense and inexhaustible. His majesty is infinitely awful. --Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758) American Puritan theologian and preacher, from his sermon, “The Admirable Conjunction of Diverse Excellencies in Christ Jesus.”

What comes into our mind when we think about God is the most important thing about us.
-- A.W. Tozer, the opening sentence in his book, Knowledge Of The Holy

Near downtown Atlanta there is a road called West Paces Ferry Rd. This road is lined with the largest, most grandiose mansions in all of Atlanta. And the biggest mansion of them all along West Paces Ferry Road belongs to the governor (pronounced by locals as “GUUVna”) of Georgia. Behind a high wrought-iron fence and several security check points sits what is one of the more awe-inspiring sites in all of Atlanta. When we lived in the Atlanta area in the 1990s, I drove by the governor’s mansion a couple times each month.

One time while I was driving and gawking near the governor’s mansion, I believe the Holy Spirit spoke to me. The Spirit seemed to say, “Your view of God is about the same as your view of the governor of Georgia; that is as far as your faith and imagination can take you.” This was a rebuke. For my faith and my imagination could not grasp the glory and the power of the Creator of the Universe and the King of Kings and Lord of Lords. My view of God was, and still is, too small. Yet Scripture helps me and others like me to expand our too-small view of God.

That is the beauty of the Transfiguraton of Jesus as on display in the opening verses of Matthew 17. We have a picture from this passage of Jesus that is more than “meek and mild” or some Woodstock relic dancing through a meadow playing a flute with bunny rabbits at His feet and butterflies dancing around His head. Here we have Jesus in all His glory and power and wonder; simultaneously infinitely beautiful and infinitely terrible. “His face shone like the sun, and His garments became as white as light,” Scripture tells us in Matthew 17:2.

And this is not the only place in Scripture where we see Jesus glorified. And each picture from Scripture of Jesus glorified shares some of the same characteristics. In Mark’s description of this same Transfiguration, we read, “Jesus garments became radiant and exceedingly white” (Mark 9:3). Luke’s version says, “His face became different, and His clothing became white and gleaming” (Luke 9:29). Paul had his encounter with the glorified Jesus on the road to Damascus. Even though that encounter happened with the noonday desert sun high over head, Paul spoke of a “very bright light [which] suddenly flashed from heaven all around me” (Acts 22:6). The apostle John’s vision of the glorified Jesus (Revelation 1:13-16) reads remarkably like Daniel’s vision of the “Ancient of Days” in Daniel 7:9. In John’s vision, just like Matthew, Mark, Luke and Paul’s vision, Jesus’s face “was like the sun shining in its strength” (Revelation 1:16).

These descriptions, both in their continuity and in their terrible glory, should stretch us. Do we pray to a Jesus that in our minds that looks like a buff, young Charlton Heston? Or do we pray to the “Son of Man coming in all His glory” (Matthew 16:27)? Have we given our very souls into the care of someone in the governor’s mansion in Georgia or to the risen Savior who is preparing a place for us in His Father’s mansion (John 14:2)? Is our vision of Jesus limited to a flannel board figurine from Sunday school days or do we envision the King of Kings and Lord of Lords leading a heavenly army (Revelation 19:11-16)? For the vast majority of Christians, our God is too small. No wonder we live our lives in fear, without taking risks, content in our comfort and dreaming dreams no bigger than our retirement to a beach villa.

Yet it does not end there. God, who was Transfigured before Paul, Peter, James and John, as well as Daniel, Isaiah and Moses, this same God pursues us. The Holy Awesome Righteous Lamb Who Was Slain limited Himself to a man’s body and died for our sins. Three days later He was alive again! And He invites us into fellowship with Him. Incredible! This same God with a face that outshines the sun, who sits in judgment over the rulers of earth, beckons us to draw near to Him. He invites us into His very throne room where we can find grace and mercy in our time of need (Hebrews 4:16). Because of this we cry out, “Abba! Father!”’ (Romans 8:15; Galatians 4:6)

Is there another God like our God? Why do we raise to idol status such trivial matters as politics, sports, security, even family, when the Great God of the Universe calls us to draw near? What an AWESOME God we serve! Hallelujah! He is WORTHY of our praise! He is WORTHY of all blessing, honor, glory and dominion! He is WORTHY of the praise of myriads of angels and every living thing! (Revelation 5:12-14). Hallelujah! Maranatha! Come, Son of Man in all Your glory! Come!

Matthew 16:24-27: The Joy of the Call to Take Up Our Cross

“If anyone wishes to come after Me, he must deny himself, and take up his cross and follow Me. For whoever wishes to save his life will lose it; but whoever loses his life for My sake will find it.” Jesus, Matthew 16:24-25.

“No one has yet heard about the realm of the resurrected, and not been homesick from that hour, waiting and looking forward joyfully to being released from bodily existence… death is hell and night and cold, if it is not transformed by our faith. But that is just what is so marvelous, that we can transform death.” Dietrich Bonhoeffer, facing execution in a Nazi concentration camp during WW II, for plotting against Adolf Hitler.

The response to the Peter’s bold proclamation of Jesus as the Christ (Matthew 16:16) is anything but expected. His followers expected Jesus to come out powerfully against the Roman oppressors. However, there were no parades, no debutante balls, no speeches, no shouts of “death to God’s enemies!”, nor grandiose displays of ethereal power.

Instead, the disciples receive harsh warnings to tell no one that He is the Christ (v.20). Jesus calls Peter, “Satan” (v.23) and here He gives a call to take up our cross and die. Is this the sort of God worth following? “Jesus, we can’t sell books and sermons with this kind of defeatist talk!”

In this passage, Jesus is not promising heaven on earth; rather He is pointing His disciples to a MUCH GREATER reality, an eternal perspective of EVERLASTING joy! His call is to persevere, suffer and lay down our lives as we love, serve and bless others and give away our lives. Christ’s call is that our treasure, our hope, our joy is fixed not on this temporal world but on our eternity with Him.

The freedom and the joy in Christianity comes when we are mindful of who we serve. We serve the Christ, the Son of the Living God (v.16). We serve the Son of Man who will judge the world (v.27). And soon and very soon every human will see Christ glorified (17:2-3). For some this will lead to terror; for others, to indescribable joy.

Let us remember: we serve Christ; He does not serve us. Run from churches promising you health and wealth; by-pass authors who reduce Jesus to merely a spiritual guru, guiding you to a better life. Jesus does not beckon us to a “better” life; He beckons us to come and die; to die to this world, its expectations, its pain, and its futility.

Once again, my favorite theologian, John Piper: “Christians [need to be] committed to great causes, not great comforts. I pleaded with the saints to dream a dream bigger than themselves and their families and their churches. [Commit to] the great causes of mercy and justice in a prejudiced, pain-filled, and perishing world.” (World Magazine, February 23, 2002, p. 37)

Because eternity awaits us, because the glorified Jesus is the Master we serve, let us take great risks! Let us lay aside this world, which we will lose anyway and let us take up our cross and follow Him. What will profit us if we gain the world yet lose our souls? Lets follow His call to take the gospel to places where Christ is not known and where great danger and opposition await us. We need fewer Christians intent on living long lives and more Christians intent on dying purposeful deaths.

Charles Spurgeon, a London preacher from the 1800s said this: "It is our duty and our privilege to exhaust our lives for Jesus. We are not to be living specimens of men in fine preservation, but living sacrifices, whose lot is to be consumed." (Charles Spurgeon, Lectures to My Students, p. 157)

Dietrich Bonhoeffer was a German pastor during WW II who did not bend to Hitler’s reign of terror. Hitler had him arrested and deported to a concentration camp. Bonhoeffer, in spite of the conditions, would not recant his opposition to Hitler. On April 9, 1945, just three weeks before Hitler killed himself, Hitler had Bonhoeffer executed. The doctor at the concentration camp who certified Bonhoeffer’s death, said, “In the almost fifty years that I have worked as a doctor, I have hardly ever seen a man die so entirely submissive to the will of God.” (Bonhoeffer, by Eric Metaxes)

Matthew 16:21-23: Sin, the belief God really doesn't know what is best for us.

But Jesus turned to Peter and said, “Get behind Me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to Me. You are not setting your mind on God’s interests but man’s.” Matthew 16:23

“Religious ‘flesh’ always wants to work for God (rather than humbling itself to realize God must work for it in free grace). That is why our very lives hang on not working for God. Then shall we not serve Christ? It is commanded, ‘Serve the Lord!’ (Romans 12:11) Yes, we must serve Him. But we will beware of serving in a way that implies a deficiency on His part or exalts our indispensability.”
John Piper from his book Desiring God.

This rebuke to Peter directly from Jesus in Matthew 16 must have come as quite a shock to Peter. Moments before Jesus 1) praised Peter and 2) called him a rock and 3) said his words were inspired directly from God (Matthew 16:17-18). Now Jesus reverses those three compliments and rebukes Peters, calls him a stumbling block and says his words are inspired by Satan. The color must have drained from Peter’s face and his jaw must have dropped.

After all, Peter was only defending his beloved Master. For Jesus had just told Peter and the other disciples that the time had come to go to Jerusalem where Jesus must suffer, be killed and rise again on the third day (Matthew 16:21). Peter was selective in his hearing and only heard the words about suffering and dying, not about His resurrection. So Peter, perhaps cocky from the blessing of Jesus, leaped up and exclaimed, “God forbid it, Lord!” That is when Jesus brought the hammer down.

God’s will is set; Jesus’ decision to go to Jerusalem was not an “open” one. The Word of God says Jesus MUST go to Jerusalem and be killed (v. 19). However Jesus’ crucifixion is neither sadistic punishment nor because things spiraled out of God’s control. On the contrary. It is the Father’s loving will that Jesus is crucified and raised. It is no wonder Jesus rebuked Peter so forcefully.

Jesus’ rebuke serves as a warning at several levels. First, this warning speaks to those of us in Christian service. Second, this warning speaks to all people everywhere.

I think those of us in any sort of Christian service can learn from Jesus’ rebuke of Peter. Just as Peter was blessed by Jesus (Matthew 16:17), often times in our ministries we see the hand of His blessing. Then, if not checked, our pride can grow and we begin to think we know better than God what God’s will should be! To varying degrees, we are all guilty of this. But in its extreme, our ministry can become a cult of personality; a ministry or church becomes more about making an individual, a ministry or a church look good rather than making the Lord Jesus Christ look good.

Perhaps even more important is that Jesus’ rebuke of Peter is a warning to all men, everywhere. Peter, probably without realizing the full weight of his comment, was attempting to usurp the very will of God. Sin is the belief that God really doesn’t know what is best for us. We are all guilty of sin (Romans 3:23) and the penalty of sin is death (Romans 6:23). Our sin is the reason Jesus went to Jerusalem.

God’s will will be done. Will we futility fight against it? Or will we join Him in the battle? Evil’s best effort was to crucify Jesus. Yet what was meant for evil, God meant for good (Genesis 50:20). For by the crucifixion of Jesus, our sins were paid for! And three days later, just as Jesus promised, He was raised! Because Jesus went to Jerusalem, died on a cross and was raised, all of mankind has hope – hope that is stronger than death! And, most importantly, God receives the glory due Him! Hallelujah! Praise God!

Don’t fight against His will; rather trust in Him, rest in Him, glory in Him.

Matthew 16:16-18: "Upon this rock I will build My church."

Peter says to Jesus, “You are the Christ, the Son of the Living God!” To which Jesus responds, “Blessed are you, Peter…and upon this rock I will build my church and the gates of Hades shall not overcome it.” Matthew 16:16-18

John Piper is one of my favorite authors. He opens his book, God is the Gospel, with this compelling question:

If you could have heaven, with no sickness, and with all the friends you ever had on earth, and all the food you ever liked, and all the leisure activities you ever enjoyed, and all the natural beauties you ever saw, all the physical pleasures you ever tasted, and no human conflict or any natural disasters, could you be satisfied with heaven, if Christ were not there?

I wish this question was merely rhetorical. But the sad fact is, many people alive today envision a Christ-less heaven, whether by accident or purposely. There was even a best-selling book by Mitch Albom, Five People You Will Meet in Heaven where God is regulated to a very small insignificant role, if even present at all, in His heaven.

Yet Jesus Himself gives us a different picture, from His reign in heaven (Revelation chapter 4 and 5) to His church on earth (Matthew 16:18). The Christian church is His church and not man’s church. The Christian church is the church where Jesus Christ is central. It is the church where Jesus Christ is honored, worshiped, adored, studied and proclaimed. The sad thing is that ironically many churches today, like Albom’s heaven, give very little credence to God.

It has always baffled me why churches exist where Christ is not proclaimed, or perhaps not even believed. Christ may exist in these churches as more of a water-downed self-help guru; certainly not as “the Christ, the Son of the Living God.” These churches are nothing more than man-centered, feel-good, houses of self worship. Jesus is regulated to a role akin to a cosmic "ShamWow!" salesman. These kinds of churches settle for much less than best because they fail to proclaim a Person much more beautiful, much more just, much more powerful, much more worthy than mere man. And that Person is Jesus Christ Himself.

Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the Living God, who emptied Himself in the greatest act of humility our world has ever seen. He took on a human body, lived on planet earth, was delivered up to Pilate, was crucified, dead and buried for our sins. Yet 3 days later Jesus came back to life with a new resurrected body and by it proved that He was God! He invites wayward man into completeness through fellowship with the Father through Him. There is no other like Him; He alone is worthy of our worship and adoration.

If your church is not centered on the teachings of the Bible and on the person of Jesus Christ, then you are not in the church of the Living God; rather you are in a dead church. Leave that “church.” And find one where Jesus Christ is exalted. And it is Christ’s church that the gates of hell shall not overcome!

Throughout history, there have been those who have tried to destroy the Christian church. From Nero to the Communists, enemies of God have risen up, and will continue to rise up, in a futile attempt to exterminate the church.

In an interview I saw recently with Timothy Keller, he said that the “New Atheists” have declared that religion is “the worst thing that has happened to humankind” and these atheists have declared that religion “must be wiped out.” However, they will fail in their goals, just like Nero and just like the Communists. Because a church built upon the Rock, even when the mighty storms come and slam against it, WILL NOT FALL (Matthew 7:25) and the very gates of hell shall not overcome Christ’s church.

Worship, adore, proclaim and enjoy Jesus Christ. For that is His purpose for His church, which is His bride. Christ is central to the universe; from His church on earth to His eternal heaven, the universe exists for the glory of God. To be central on anything else except the Christ, the Son of the Living God is foolish. Hallelujah! Come Lord Jesus, come!

Matthew 16:15: "Who do you say I am?"

"A man who was merely a man and said the sort of things Jesus said would not be a great moral teacher...You can shut him up for a fool, you can spit at him and kill him as a demon or you can fall at his feet and call him Lord and God, but let us not come with any patronising nonsense about his being a great human teacher."

C.S. Lewis, from his book, “Mere Christianity”

Matthew 16:13-17

Jesus is with His disciples in a place called Caesarea Philippi, about 120 miles (195 km) north of Jerusalem. He turns to His disciples and asks them (v.13), “Who do people say that I am?” “John the Baptist”, “Elijah”, “Jeremiah”, “one of the prophets.” The answers pop forth like kernels of popcorn heating over a stove. Then Jesus makes the question personal (v.15): “Who do you say that I am?” It is no longer about what other people think; now it is personal. Every man must decide for himself.

Every man, not only present then with Jesus, but everyman who has ever lived on earth must also decide for himself. In fact, THIS IS the most important question anyone will ever face: “who do you think Jesus is?”

Jesus picked an interesting place to ask this penetrating, all-encompassing, question. Caesarea Philippi was a city known for its worship of pagan gods, particularly a god named Baal. It would be today’s equivalent to Jesus standing outside the Mormon Tabernacle in Salt Lake or an extravagant Buddhist temple in Southeast Asia and asking, “Who do you say that I am?”

Peter’s response to Jesus’ personal inquiry was quick and unhesitating (v.16): “You are the Christ, the Son of the Living God!” “Christ” as used in those days was the Greek form of the Hebrew word, “Messiah.” “Son of the living God” implies a nature superior to that of human; it implies deity, God. Peter throws in an interesting adjective when he says, living God. Jesus is not a dead god like those worshiped in Caesarea Philippi; rather Peter states that Jesus is the living God, the real God, the God Who Is.

How does Jesus respond? Note that Jesus does not rebuke Peter and say, “I am not God; I am merely a prophet.” Rather, Jesus receives Peter’s statement of worship and even blesses Peter for his proclamation.

At the trial of Jesus (Matthew 26:63), the Jewish high priest asks Jesus point blank, “Are you the Christ, the Son of the Living God?” Curiously, this is the same title given by Peter in Matthew 16. Again, Jesus does not flinch; Jesus does not deny it. Jesus affirms His own status as Messiah, His own title as Son of God, His own deity, even though it will result in His crucifixion.

We cannot merely say Jesus was just a good teacher or a religious prophet. Jesus never gave us that option. Jesus claimed to be God in a human body, the 2nd person of the Godhead. As C.S. Lewis frames it, Jesus is either Lord, a liar or a lunatic. Personally, I believe He proved Himself as Lord by rising from the dead. We must either accept Jesus on His terms as God or we must reject Jesus completely. One option leads to the forgiveness of sins, friendship with God and eternal life; the other option leads to eternal separation from God.

Who do YOU say Jesus is?